Manual on Community Based Approach to Local Development Project – Phase 2 (стр. 20 )

·  Coordinate and facilitate the involvement and participation of line ministries and other relevant government agencies;

·  Ensure that regional and local authorities are duly informed about the project and fully authorised to participate; and

·  Provide recommendations and support for project implementation

At Regional Level, the main counterparts are the oblast state administrations and oblast councils (in case of ARC, the Office of the Chairperson of the Council of Ministers of the ARC.) They will:

·  Facilitate the function of the Regional Implementation Unit and its expansion into a resource centre;

·  Provide office space for RIU/resource centre;

·  Appoint regional state administration staff to join CBA team in project implementation and to coordinate with oblast/local authorities;

·  Facilitate the work of project regional coordination council;

·  Assist in the selection of target rayons and village/city councils;

·  Review and integrate rayon development plans (based on community development plans) into the regional development plans; and

·  Make available budgetary resources to the extent possible

At Rayon Level, the main counterparts are the rayon state administrations and rayon councils. They will:

·  Appoint focal persons for working closely with the RIU/oblast focal persons;

·  Assist in the selection of village/city councils and target communities;

·  Establish and chair the Local Development Forum (LDF) and represent LDF in regional coordination council and coordinate with oblast authorities for effective implementation of the project;

·  Establish a rayon community resource centre/ and maintain the existing rayon community resource centre to support CBA as well as non-CBA communities;

·  Integrate community development plans approved at LDF into the rayon development plan;

·  Provide technical expertise and other support to COs in designing of community led micro- projects;

·  Allocate resources for community initiatives approved by local development forum;

·  Support implementation of community projects by observing tenders and by participating in the supervision of micro-project implementation;

·  Facilitate hand over and support establishment of sustainability mechanisms for completed micro-projects

At Local Level, the main partners are local authorities (village/city councils). They will, among other:

·  Support RIU in establishing and strengthening self-governing COs;

·  Review community development plans, recommend approved plans at local development forum meetings;

·  Participate in the design and implementation of micro-projects and mobilise internal resources;

·  Participate in the design and establishment of effective sustainability mechanisms for completed sub-projects;

·  Coordinate with rayon authorities for effective implementation of CBA activities

At Community Level, the selected target communities are the main partners at community level. They, among other:

·  Form and maintain an inclusive self-governing CO founded on the principles of good governance;

·  Select active persons and CO-MT to carry out the functions of COs;

·  Prepare community development plans and debate/approve them at local level planning workshops;

·  Contribute in cash/kind to maintain the CO and implement micro-projects;

·  Serve as a watch-dog to ensure accountability of CO-management team and the CO-members;

·  Support sustainability of micro-projects and the services derived from them.

10.3.2 Set up the support structures

Appropriate support structures created at local, regional and national level during CBA-I will be retained during CBA-II with necessary adjustment. Key stakeholders (mentioned above) and other stakeholders related with CBA-II form such support structures, whose composition and functions are given below:

a) Project Steering Committee established during CBA-I will continue for CBA-II as well. Its key functions will be to advise and provide guidance on project implementation; review Project progress; endorse Annual Work Plans of the Project; coordinate and facilitate the participation of line ministries, relevant government and non-government agencies. This Committee consists of the representatives from -

·  Relevant ministries (Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine; Ministry of Regional Development, Construction and Housing of Ukraine; Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine; Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine (Department of Rural Development); Ministry of Transport and Communications of Ukraine; Ministry of Health of Ukraine; Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Ukraine; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sport of Ukraine; Ministry of Energy and Coal Industry of Ukraine)

·  Secretariat of Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine

·  State Fund of Local Self-Governance of Ukraine; Ukrainian Association of Local and Regional Authorities of Ukraine; Association of Cities of Ukraine; Association of Small Towns of Ukraine; Association of Village and Settlement Councils

·  Parliamentary Committee on State Building and Local Self-Governance

·  United Nations Development Programme, Ukraine

·  European Union Delegation Office, Ukraine

The CBA Project Manager will be in charge of the daily management of the Project and facilitate the proper functioning of the Steering Committee.

b) Regional Coordination Council (RCC) - formed during CBA-I at regional (oblast) level for coordination and advisory support will continue during CBA-II with necessary changes in their composition. Details on RCC is given in section 4.32.

c) Local Development Forum (LDF)

A LDF will be formed in each rayon to (a) ensure social, environmental and economic development by joint decision making with participation of local communities, and via more efficient allocation of financial resources and (b) assist decentralised planning and democratic governance at the regional level. Details on formation and functions of LDF is given in section 4.1.1. LDFs formed during CBA-I will continue to function during CBA-II with necessary adjustment in their composition and functions as necessary. For new CBA-rayons new LDFs will be formed during CBA-II.

10.4 Set social lab

Demonstration site or social lab is a common phrase used in the field of community development. It is synonyms to open school whereby community members try out new ideas (on their own or injected from outsider such as CBA team), observe the process and make corrections as necessary, document the experience (written or mental) and share among others (from outside) who would like to learn from their experience. It could be a success case or a failure case or a mixed case but the community must be willing to receive visitors and afford time to tell them the real story.

Each social lab is a resource centre in itself and the people involved are the researchers. The community members involved in the process have practical knowledge. They can tell (and train) others how they did and how it could be done; what result can be expected; what risk can be anticipated and what will be cost and benefit and so on.

People involved in the experiment are in the best position to do process ch documentation answers – what, why and how. Process documentation can be done in many ways – research, case study, working paper series, internal bulletins, training handouts etc. It also involves video-film, which serves as a powerful documentation to influence the target audience. However, from community one could expect only the ‘simplest possible’ type of documentation.

10.4.1 Identify Areas of Experimentation & Demonstration

Experimentation is done from following perspectives:

a)  Conceptual package: All activities and the results related with 3 elements of community mobilisation, namely organisation, capital and skill. Understanding of the community members about the core message of CBA, steps for CO development, norms of governance, financial management, CO registration etc. fall under this category. To become a demonstration site, the CO should have fulfilled with excellence the obligations mentioned in the ‘maturity index’.

b)  Programme packages: includes correct application of all the procedures prescribed for implementation of micro-project – participatory planning, participation in LDF, MPP preparation, tendering, MP implementation, account keeping, visibility, quality supervision, reporting, public audit, commissioning and handover, sustainability arrangement etc. It also includes implementation of other micro-projects implemented on their own or under support of local authorities or other sponsors, if these were as a result of experience in working with CBA.

c)  Documentation package: The CO should have identified key process and decision points; direct and multi-plier effects due to the experimentation; carried out (in a crude sense) SWOT analysis or PAS and documented the findings (in the simplest way they can) such that these could be easily shared among the CO-members and the outsiders

10.4.2 Set Characteristics for a Demonstration Site

Pre-requisite for a demonstration site is the willingness of the CO-members (especially the CO-MT) to serve as a demonstration site. If they are willing to –

·  Follow the steps of above three packages correctly (in case of new CO, during CBA-II);

·  Make necessary corrections and adjustments (only if possible) to ensure right process and results (in case of CBA-I/COs) based on maturity index/PAS tests (conducted mandatorily by RIU team) and as described in CBA manuals;

·  Develop resource persons (often the CO-MT & FG) related with each package (above) and the substitutes (to take place if the main resource person is away);