What is the principle of sublay technic of the hernioplasty of postoperative hernia (стр. 19 )

A. Chronic lung abscess

B. Acute abscess of the right lung

C. Tuberculous cavern

D. Peripheral lung cancer

ppurative cyst of lung

ANSWER: A

The patient A., age 37, entered with complaints of cough with purulent sputum to 150 ml per day, pain in the right half of the chest, fever to 38°C. Has been ill for two weeks. The day before the entrance to the clinic during cough attack expectorated to 300 ml of purulent bad-smell sputum. On examination: a shortening of the pulmonary percussion sound under the right scapula, and the weakening of vesicular breathing. What is the primary diagnosis?

A. Acute lung abscess

B. Acute bronchitis

C. Exacerbation of chronic abscess

D. Exacerbation of bronchoectatic disease

E. Pleural empyema

ANSWER: A

The patient has a pyogenic lung abscess, which was complicated by repeated bleeding., The patient is undergoing the operative treatment. What antibiotics are the most suitable for preoperative prophylaxis?

A. Cephalosporins.

B. Penicillin.

C. Macrolides.

D. Aminoglycosides.

E. Fluorohinolones.

ANSWER: A

The patient has the lung abscess, which was complicated by bleeding to 200 ml. How this bleeding is classified?

A. I degree

B. 0 degree

C. II degree

D. III degree

E. IV degree

ANSWER: A

The patient has the lung abscess, which was complicated by bleeding. What medicines are the most suitable to stop the bleeding?

A. Dicynon.

B. Heparin.

C. Penicillin.

D. Courantil.

E. Alprostan.

ANSWER: A

The patient has the pain behind the breastbone, heartburn, which increases after the meal. Has been ill for 6 months. For 5 days has a black chair. On X-ray examination revealed the "bell" sign, blunt Hiss angle, absence of gas bubble of the stomach. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A. Sliding esophageal hernia.

B. Paraezofagalnaya esophageal hernia.

C. Relaxation of the diaphragm.

D. Malignant tumor of the esophagus.

E. Achalasia of the esophagus

ANSWER: A

The patient has the postburn stenosis of the esophagus. After the next bouginage felt the fever, tachycardia, pain behind the breastbone. On X-ray: the horizontal level of fluid in the posterior mediastinum. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A. Acute posterior mediastinitis.

B. Acute anterior mediastinitis.

C. Diverticulum of the esophagus.

D. Acute pleural empyema.

E. Paraesophageal hernia.

ANSWER: A

The patient has the pyogenic lung abscess, which was complicated by bleeding. What medicines are the most suitable to stop the bleeding?

A. Vitamin K.

B. Anticoagulants.

C. Antibiotics.

D. Antiaggregants.

E. Prostaglandins.

ANSWER: A

The patient with bilateral hydrothorax has undergone the repeat pleural puncture of both sides. After the last puncture felt the deterioration, fever, pain in the chest. Therapeutist on the next day during pleural puncture on the right obtained the pus. What is the mechanism of acute right-side empyema?

A. Contact-aspirating.

B. Lymphogenous.

C. Hematogenous.

D. Implantation.

E. Airborne.

ANSWER: A

The patient, 45 years old, complains of retrosternal pain, which increase at night, heartburn, belching. Has been ill for 4 months. What is the most probable diagnosis?

A. Sliding esophageal hernia, reflux esophagitis

B. Diverticulum of the esophagus

C. Varicose veins of the esophagus

D. Mallory-Weiss syndrome

E. Crohn's disease.

ANSWER: A

The patient, 45 years old, complains of retrosternal pain, which increase at night, heartburn, belching. Has been ill for 4 months. What research is the most appropriate?

A. X-ray contrast study in Trendelenburg's position.

B. Plain chest X-ray

C. Fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy

D. Plain X-ray of the abdominal cavity.

puter tomography

ANSWER: A

The patient, 78 years old, entered with complaints of pain in the left half of the chest, coughing, with daily 80 ml of mucopurulent sputum, fever to 37,2°C. The X-rays of the lower lobe of right lung revealed a cavity with irregular internal border and outside spicules with minor infiltration around. What is the primary diagnosis?

A. Hollow form of lung cancer

B. Chronic lung abscess

ppuration cyst of lung

D. Fibro-cavernous tuberculosis

E. Limited empyema

ANSWER: A

The patients with sliding esophageal hernia mostly complain of:

A. Heartburn, pain behind the breastbone.

B. Difficult passage of food, loss of weight.

C. The pain behind the breastbone, difficulty in food passage.

D. Pain in the epigastric region with irradiation into the right hypochondrium.

E. Pain in the epigastric region with irradiation into the back.

ANSWER: A

What is the most wide-spread cause of the peptic stricture of esophagus associated with reflux-esophagitis?

A. Sliding esophageal hernia.

B. Prolonged nasogastric intubation in the esophagus.

C. Short stay nasogastric intubation.

D. Frequent vomiting of pregnancy.

E. Achalasia of the esophagus

ANSWER: A

X-ray signs: the "bell" sign, blunt Hiss angle, absence of gas bubble of the stomach are characteristic for:

A. Sliding esophageal hernia.

B. Paraesophageal hernia.

C. Relaxation of the diaphragm.

D. Malignant tumor of the esophagus.

E. Achalasia of the esophagus

ANSWER: A

A man 50 years of asymptomatic mixed goiter. At the first stage, it should appoint

A. thyroid hormones to suppress the function of cancer

B. propylthiouracil

btotal thyroidectomy

D. radioiodine

E. only observation

ANSWER: E

In patient K, aged 26, noted a relapse of hyperthyroidism after medical treatment. Your tactics.

A. Continue medical treatment

rgical treatment

C. Outpatient

D. Treatment is not required

E. Is no right answer

ANSWER: B

On examination, the patient was 32 years reveal the formation of the left lobe of the thyroid gland size 4x6 cm, painless at palpation. What additional diagnostic method to assign?

A. Radiography of the neck

B. Thyroid gland

C. Doppler

D. Rheovasography

E. EEG

ANSWER: B

On examination, the patient was 32 years reveal the formation of the left lobe of the thyroid gland size 4x6 cm, painless at palpation. What analysis should be performed in order to clarify the diagnosis?

A. Total blood

B. Urinalysis

C. Immunogram

D. Thyroid hormones

E. Protein fraction

ANSWER: D

Patient D, aged 39, admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis: diffuse toxic goiter. What study be done.

A. EFGDS

B. Is no right answer

C. Rheovasography

D. Investigation of iodine hormones in the blood serum

E. Doppler

ANSWER: D

Patient J., 57, was admitted to the surgical clinic with a diagnosis: euthyroid nodular goiter. Choose the correct treatment option.

A. enucleation

B. medication

btotal resection of the thyroid gland

D. resection of the thyroid gland with maximal preservation of healthy tissue and routine histological examination

E. excision of the node with the routine histological examination

ANSWER: D

Patient K, aged 49, was admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis: diffuse toxic goiter. What study be done.

A. EFGDS

B. Rheovasography

C. Scanning of the thyroid gland

D. Doppler

E. There is no correct answer

ANSWER: C

Patient K., aged 45, lives in the area of iodine deficiency, was admitted to the clinic with complaints of enlarged thyroid gland. What is the most likely diagnosis in a patient?

A. goiter

B. acute strumitis

C. sporadic goiter

D. epidemic goiter

E. mass thyrotoxicosis

ANSWER: A

Patient M, 39 years old, was admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis: diffuse toxic goiter. What study be done.

A. EFGDS

B. Thyroid gland

C. Rheovasography

D. Doppler

E. Is no right answer

ANSWER: B

Patient M., aged 35, lives in the area of iodine deficiency, was admitted to the clinic with complaints of enlarged thyroid gland. What is the most likely diagnosis in a patient?

A. acute strumitis

B. there is no right answer

C. sporadic goiter

D. epidemic goiter

E. mass thyrotoxicosis

ANSWER: B

Patient O., aged 39, on the diffuse toxic goiter performed subtotal resection of the thyroid gland. One day the patient became restless, twitching of facial muscles appeared convulsive reduction of hands. Treatment.

A. the introduction of calcium chloride intravenously

B. introduction Seduxen

C. introduction of iodine

D. infusion therapy

E. introduction of calcium chloride oral

ANSWER: A

Patient O., aged 39, on the diffuse toxic goiter performed subtotal resection of the thyroid gland. One day the patient became restless, twitching of facial muscles appeared convulsive reduction of hands. What mated complication of surgery?

A. Iodine deficiency

B. Lack of thyroid tissue

C. Removal of parathyroid glands

D. Increased thyroid hormone

E. Increased parathyroid hormone

ANSWER: C

?Patient S., 43, in the last 5 months of worry tearfulness, irritability, fatigue, progressive weight loss. On palpation the thyroid gland increased to III class., painless. Pulse 110-120 in minute, regular, blood pressure - 150/80. At USD: tissue homogeneous, tissue hypertrophy hyper. The most likely diagnosis

A. Hashimoto struma

B. toxic goiter

C. Acute thyroiditis

D. nodular goiter

E. goiter De Quervain

ANSWER: B

Patient S., 43, in the last 5 months of worry tearfulness, irritability, fatigue, progressive weight loss. On palpation the thyroid gland increased to III class., painless. Pulse 110-120 in minute, regular, blood pressure - 150/80. At USD: tissue homogeneous, tissue hypertrophy hyper. The most likely diagnosis

A. Hashimoto's thyroiditis

B. there is no right answer

C. Acute thyroiditis

D. nodular goiter

E. goiter De Quervain

ANSWER: B

Patient S., 43, in the last 5 months of worry tearfulness, irritability, fatigue, progressive weight loss. On palpation the thyroid gland increased to III class., painless. Pulse 110-120 in minute, regular, blood pressure - 150/80. What additional diagnostic method to assign?

A. Radiography of the neck

B. Thyroid gland

C. Doppler

D. Reovazogrfiyu

E. EEG

ANSWER: B

Patient S., 43, in the last 5 months of worry tearfulness, irritability, fatigue, progressive weight loss. On palpation the thyroid gland increased to III class., painless. Pulse 110-120 in minute, regular, blood pressure - 150/80. What analysis should be performed in order to clarify the diagnosis?

A. Total blood

B. Urinalysis

C. Thyroid hormones

D. Protein fraction

E. Immunogram

ANSWER: C

Patients after resection of the thyroid having convulsions, symptoms by Chvostek and Trousseau. What a complication arose in a patient?

A. there is no right answer

B. laryngeal nerve injury

C. residual effects of hyperthyroidism

D. thyrotoxic crisis

E. hypothyroidism

ANSWER: A

Patients after resection of the thyroid having convulsions, symptoms by Chvostek and Trousseau. What a complication is arose in a patient?

A. laryngeal nerve injury

B. hypoparathyreosis

C. residual effects of hyperthyroidism

D. thyrotoxic crisis

E. hypothyroidism

ANSWER: B

The patient complaints of excessive sweating, hand tremor, exophthalmos. The most likely diagnosis.

A. Goiter

B. Tireodit

C. Thyrotoxicosis

D. Strumil

E. Is no right answer

ANSWER: D

The patient diagnosed with an aberrant goiter. Refine the definition of aberrant goiter.

A. metastases of thyroid cancer in the liver

B. atypical location of the thyroid gland

C. is a cancer of the thyroid gland

D. all true

E. all wrong

ANSWER: C

The patient diagnosed with nodular euthyroid goiter left lobe of the thyroid gland. What is the optimal treatment option.

A. excision of the node with the routine histological examination

B. enucleation site

btotal thyroidectomy

D. hemistrumectomy or resection of the lobe of the thyroid gland

E. conservative treatment thyroidin

ANSWER: D

The patient lives in the area of endemic iodine. What can be used to prevent goitre?

A. merkasalil

B. vaccination

C. iodine

D. improving the social life of the population

E. iodination salt

ANSWER: E

The patient S., 546 years old, diagnosed with goiter II degree. What is characteristic of the III degree of increase in thyroid gland?

A. giant goiter

B. determined only by palpation

C. visible swallowing

D. visible only when swallowing

E. determined only on ultrasound

ANSWER: C

The patient S., 61, suffering for 2 years nodular goiter, recently noted a rapid increase in the node. What method of diagnosis is the most informative?

A. X-ray of the neck

B. scanning with radioactive iodine

C. Doppler

D. Rheovasography

E. EEG

ANSWER: B

The patient S., 61, suffering for 2 years nodular goiter, recently noted a rapid increase in the node. On scanning image identified a "cold node". Specify the most probable cause of this condition

A. node malignancy

B. cystic degeneration of the node

C. autoimmune

D. all true

E. hemorrhage site

ANSWER: A

The patient V., age 56, diagnosed with goiter of third degree. What is characteristic of the III degree of increase in thyroid gland?

A. giant goiter

B. determined only by palpation

C. visible without swallowing

D. visible only when swallowing

E. determined only on ultrasound

ANSWER: C

The patient's 43 years revealed an increase in the left lobe of the thyroid gland. When scanning in this region found a hot site. Diagnosis.

A. diffuse non-toxic goiter

B. toxic goiter

C. multinodular toxic goiter

D. nodular toxic goiter

E. non-toxic nodular goiter

ANSWER: D

The patient's 60 years in the last 3 months has been rapidly increasing dense mass in the left lobe of the thyroid gland. Effects of hyperthyroidism is not. At thyroid scan revealed a cold junction. Preliminary diagnosis

A. thyroid cancer

B. lipoma of the thyroid gland

C. cyst

D. metastasis of lung cancer

E. thyroid cyst

ANSWER: A