Переводчик в сфере профессиональной коммуникации (стр. 6 )

4.  Today, cluster ballooning, while still a fairly marginal sport, is steadily starting to gain in popularity.

3.18 Label the diagrams using the prepositions in the box

Above  adjacent to  alongside  around  below  beneath  beside  inside  outside  over  underneath  within

a		c		e
b		d		f

3.19 Complete the following sentences about the flying garden chair using the prepositions in the box. Check your answers against the text in Exercise 3.18

1. Projecting ___________the chair was a cluster of ropes, tied to 42 helium-filled weather balloons.

2. Anchor ropes were fastened __________        the bumper of the car.

3. Larry Walters had an airgun inserted ________        his pocket.

4. The helium contained __________        the balloons warmed up in the sun.

5. After takeoff, the anchor ropes remained suspended _________ the chair.

3.20 Complete the following descriptions of how the garden chair airship was assembled by underlining the correct words.

A quantity of helium gas was contained / suspended inside each balloon. A tube was inserted / projected inside the openings of the balloons, to inflate them. The balloons were situated / suspended over the chair, in a large cluster. The chair was contained / suspended under the balloons by ropes. Arm rests, contained / located beside the pilot, at each side, helped to hold him in place. The landing gear, inserting / projecting below the seat, consisted, simply, of the chair legs. The pilot was positioned / projected underneath the balloons, so his weight was low down.

3.21 Complete the description of assembling cluster balloons with the words from the box

water ballast  nylon straps  helium  sandbags single strap  balloons  anchor ropes  tape  harness round-shaped cluster  plastic cable A typical cluster consists of about a hundred ordinary size weather (1)_________ filled with (2)__________. It takes an hour or so to inflate them on condition that twenty people help you. Each balloon is tied on individually with (3) __________or you can use (4)__________. Then you put everything together. The harness is suspended from a hundred or so ropes. You can put (5)___________beneath the ropes. So you have several ropes tied to a (6)__________, then each strap is fastened to the (7)__________. It’s like a kind of tree structure. And you have different lengths, so the balloons aren’t all the same level, so they fit above and below one another in a (8) ____________. The pilot is roped to (9)___________on the ground. So the balloons are added progressively until there is the marginal amount of lift.

Then the (10) _________ are released and the pilot goes up. To control the altitude you carry (11)________- those big water bags with taps on, which make it easy to drain out. In order to come back down to earth you release balloons one by one which allows you to reduce the amount of lift incrementally.

3.22 Ω Eva and Lenny, two engineers working for an extreme sports equipment manufacturer, are discussing cluster ballooning. Listen to the conversation and summarise what they say about the following issues.

1. assembly time 2. how plastic cable ties are used 3. a tree structure 4. how water bags are used

5. the advantage of tying each individual balloon 6. the problem of using a net to contain the balloons

3.23 Choose any device you are familiar with, describe its shape, the position of its assembled components, explain its joints and fixings.

4 ENGINEERING DESIGN

4.1 Study the list of professional terms

technician - технический специалист design office - конструкторское бюро, проектный институт cross section - поперечное сечение elevation - вертикаль, отметка высоты exploded view - изображение механизма в разобранном виде schematic - схема, схематический чертеж specification - описание, детализация cutaway - срезанный air duct - вентиляционная труба hollow beam - полый пучок, пустотелая балка flood lights - прожекторное освещение electric power circuit - цепь электропитания supply pipe - подающая труба sprinkler - разбрызгиватель overall layout - общее расположение lighting circuit - осветительная сеть fire-sprinkling system - пожарная спринклерная система dimensions - размер, величина precision - точность, погрешность accuracy - точность, тщательность superflat floor - пол высокой степени ровности slab - плита, бетонное покрытие within tolerance - в пределах допусков close (tight) tolerance - - с высокими требованиями по точности, жёсткий допуск warehouse - товарный склад, грузохранилище high-bay warehouse - многоярусный склад forklift - вилочный погрузчик amplify - увеличивать, усиливать handrail - перила, ограждение to scale - в масштабе scale off - измерять что-л. в масштабе query - сделать запрос tilt - наклон, отклонение collision - столкновение racking  - быстро несущийся pallet - поддон для перевозки грузов free movement - свободное перемещение defined movement - заданное движение working drawing - рабочий чертёж, черновая схема overlap - перекрытие, наложение design package - пакет для САПР pile up - накапливать, нагромождать reconfigure - изменять конфигурацию, перекомпоновывать guided vehicle - управляемый летательный аппарат lane - ряд, полоса, полоса движения cast in - отлитый Working with drawings

wall-mounted - настенный flange - кромка, борт, полка steel frame - стальной каркас, стальная рама universal column - сплошная металлическая колонна двутаврового сечения curve - изгиб, web - ребро, внутренняя перегородка artificial - искусственный approve - одобрять, утверждать hard copy - копия документа, документ с технологическими данными relevant - соответствующий, имеющий отношение к данному вопросу contractor - подрядчик, поставщик, фирма-исполнитель premise - помещение fabrication - производство, изготовление preliminary drawing - черновой чертёж attach - прикреплять, прилагать incorporate - включать, содержать amendment - поправка, исправление preliminary drawing - черновой чертёж submit to - представлять на рассмотрение rough sketch - предварительный эскиз set out - описывать, делать разметку design brief - исходное задание на проведение работ по дизайну, указания по проектированию specify -  указать, устанавливать feedback - ответная реакция, отзыв summary - конспект, краткое изложение, краткий отчёт outline - описать, наметить в общих чертах kick-off meeting - установочное совещание encounter - столкнуться, встретиться issue - завершаться, выдавать supersede - заменять circulate - распространять, передавать procedure - технологический процесс clash - противоречие query - вопрос, запрос discrepancy - разногласия disregard - не обращать внимания, игнорировать cable tray - кабельная коробка, кабельный ход ductwork - система каналов, воздуходув ceiling void - пространство между подвесным потолком и перекрытием black bolt - неотделанный болт cable support - опора кабельной линии facilitate - облегчать, способствовать contradict - противоречить

4.2 Translate the following phrases into English

поперечное сечение осветительная сеть схематический чертеж документ с технологическими данными черновой чертёж общее расположение фирма-исполнитель цепь электропитания в пределах допусков заданное движение изображение механизма в разобранном виде указания по проектированию поправки, предложенные заказчиком столкнуться с несоответствиями

4.3 Match the words with their definitions

1. black bolt	A.  vertical support in a structure
2. cable tray	B. large section pipe, with a circular or square profile, for carrying air; or a protective cover for cables or hoses
3. column	C. in construction, an ordinary bolt
4. duct	D. making/assembling, often used to describe metalwork
5. fabrication	E. large flat area of concrete, for a floor or roof
6. slab	F. long metal plate on which cables are laid - designed to support large numbers of cables

4.4 Complete the sentences with the new words from the box and translate them.

revisions  overlap  design packages  elevation  face to face  detailed  slab  preliminary  detailed  sort out  reinforcement  variations  assembly

All  ___________drawings are going to be shown to the senior engineer who decides whether his team need to receive copies of later _____________. This project strikes one as pretty complex in terms of the amount of integration and  ____________ between the different  _________________. What I need is an  ____________, showing all the panels from the front. In fact we could increase the depth of the steel __________ slightly when we pour the ___________, so there is some extra thickness of concrete over it. In this case, the important issue is the total amount of _____________ between the highest and lowest points on the surface of the floor which determines how smooth the floor is. Notes on these ____________drawings would then refer to more ________ drawings of __________ details.

4.5 Pair work. Discuss the different types of design information needed on a complex engineering project, such as the construction of a large cruise ship. How many different drawings do you think might be produced for such a project? How would they be organised and categorised?