Деловой иностранный язык (английский) факультатив (стр. 15 )

It is followed by the top down communication. Senior management will share the strategic plan with employees. They will communicate to all employees how their engagement will help ensure success in the execution of these strategies.

Conclusion

Establish a clear and meaningful strategic planning process. Engage all levels of employees to ensure municate to employees throughout. Use an innovation process for all new product development, service delivery, etc. strategies. Create projects to manage the strategies and prioritize all of these projects to ensure they are properly resourced. Re-shape the organizational culture to be more adaptive to the changes the strategic plan requires.

Investment Exercises

A Jonathan Brown has Ј2,000 to invest. Ignoring brokerage and other charges, which of the following will give him the best income yield?

(a) 9% Treasury Stock priced at 85.

(b) 61/2 % Funding Stock priced at 70.

(c) Bank deposit paying 9%.

B In 2001 Jill White wishes to select a gilt-edged stock for a four-year period. She has the choice of:

(a) 4% Exchequer redeemable at par in 2005, priced at 75.

(b) 71/2% Funding redeemable at par in 2009, priced at 84.

Which of these is likely to give a better redemption yield over the next four years, ignoring tax considerations?

Long-term investments

For the really long-term investor, one who is prepared if necessary to have his capital tied up over a period of many years, a long-dated fixed-interest stock bought at a time when interest rates are at a high level is perfectly suitable. But for him there are also other possibilities not open to a short-term investor.

Investment Test Questions

1. What is a gilt-edged stock?

2. In what two ways could you invest in gilt-edged stocks?

3. Are you sure of getting your money back when buying gilts?

4. Why are government stocks of identical maturity dates priced at such different levels on the Stock Exchange?

5. How is the flat income yield calculated on a fixed-interest stock?

6. What is meant by 'redemption yield'?

7. What is the main reason for periodic changes in the general level of prices of gilt-edged stocks?

8. What does the term 'coupon rate' signify?

9. What are the main advantages and disadvantages from buying gilts on the National Savings Register as opposed to the normal Bank of England Register?

10. What CGT would be payable on a profit made on the sale of a gilt-edged stock?

11. Why do local authority loans give a better income yield than central government gilts?

  12. Can one invest in fixed-interest securities in the company sector?

Choose the best response for each one

1. The global central banks want to keep interest rates at ___________________ ( = unnaturally) low levels.

artificially improved seemingly

2. This is not going to end soon. = This is not going to end in the ___________________.

short term short cut long term

3. Sometimes government ___________________ is necessary. = Sometimes the government has to get involved.

introspection invention intervention

4. The numbers gave us important ___________________ on why the banks failed. = The numbers helped us to better understand why the banks failed.

insiders insights instincts

5. The markets ___________________ ( = reached) a three year low yesterday.

halted hailed hit

6. He was ___________________ as ( = considered, seen as) the savior of Wall Street.

hailed halted hit

7. 18 months in a row = 18 _______________ months

consecutive disclosed constrained

8. at an ___________________ low = at the lowest level in history

allocated altogether all-time

9. This was supposed to ___________________ ( = create) confidence in the bond markets.

make build place

10. to ___________________ headlines = to appear in headlines (of newspapers, magazines, etc.)

collect garner allocate

Тема 3. Управление персоналом

Pre-reading activities

Exercise I.

Pronounce the following correlative words and translate them into Russian.

production – product – productivity – productive; competitor – competition – competetive; plan – planned – planning; analytical – analysis – analytically – analize – analyst;

Exercise II.

Practise the pronounciation of the words. Translate them into Russian.

Three-story structure (pyramid); levels of management; first-line managers; middle managers; operating employees; responsi­ble for; define policies; hard work; good luck; executive; chief executive officer; member of the Board; activities; supervise; su­pervisor; division manager; department head; plant manager; op­erations manager; foreman; development; accounting; goods and services; production of goods; percentage; customer; advertising; be in charge of; government regulations; hire; determine; ap­praise; guide; ensure; employment; salary; wage; labour, components, bonus, overtime, incentive, shift, schedule, layout, redundant.

Vocabulary

represent  представлять

story  этаж

top manager  высший менеджер (руководитель)

middle manager  менеджер среднего звена

first-line manager  менеджер первого (низшего) звена

executive  исполнитель

guide  зд. руководить

overall activities  зд. общая, вся деятельность

constitute  составлять

develop  разрабатывать

determine  определять

rank  зд. положение, ранг

title  зд. положение, должность

chief executive officer (CEO) главный исполнительный директор

member  член

board  совет директоров, правление

implement  осуществлять, реализовать

major policy  основная политика

hand down  зд. разрабатывать, исходить (из), спускать

operating procedure  порядок работы, производственный процесс

supervise  зд. руководить, осуществлять контроль

activities  деятельность

division manager  руководитель подразделения

department head  начальник отдела

plant manager  директор завода

productions procedure зд. производственная деятельность

operations manager  директор производства, управлдяющий

solve  решать

operating employee работник-исполнитель

former  бывший, прежний

owing (to)  благодаря, вследствие

promote  продвигать по службе

office manager  руководитель отдела

supervisor  зд. инспектор, начальник

foreman  мастер, бригадир

project manager  руководитель проекта

labour  труд

common  общий, зд. обычный, традиционный

responsible  ответственный

accounting  бухгалтерский учет

basic training  основное обучение

create  создавать

convert  преобразовывать

equate  ассоциировать, отождесвлять

technique  зд. метод

apply (to)  зд. относиться (к)

customer  покупатель, клиент, заказчик (постоянный)

sale  продажа, сбыт, реализация

distribution  распределение, зд. распространение

be in charge (of)  заведовать, быть ответственным

engage (in)  заниматься

design  зд. разрабатывать

hire  нанимать (на работу)

train  обучать

apprise  оценивать

performance  зд. деятельность, исполнение

general manager  генеральный директор

ensure  обеспечивать

regulations  постановления, зд. положения законодательства

concern  касаться, относиться (к)

employment  найм, занятьсть

provide  зд. снабжать, обеспечивать

overall  общий

instead  вместо

Reading activities

Careers in Economics.

Management is based on scientific theories and today we can say that it is a developing science.

But knowledge of theories and principles doesn't provide practical results. It is necessary to know how to apply this knowledge. Practical application of knowledge in the management area requires certain abilities or skills.

Depending on its size, an organization may employ a number of specialized managers who are responsible for particular areas of management. A very large organization may employ many managers, each responsible for activities of one management area. In contrast, the owner of a sole proprietorship may be the only manager in the organization. He or she is responsible for all levels and areas of management.

What is important to an organization is not the number of managers it employs but the ability of these managers to achieve the organization's goals, and this ability requires a great skill.

In other words, management is the process of coordinating the resources of an organization to achieve the primary orga­nizational goals.

Managers are concerned with the following main resources:

Each organization can be represented as a three-story structure or a pyramid. Each story corresponds to one of the three gen­eral levels of management: top managers, middle managers, and first-line managers.

A top manager is an upper-level executive who guides and controls the overall activities of the organization. Top managers constitute a small group. They are generally responsible for the organization's planning and developing its mission. They also determine the firm's strategy and its major policies. It takes years of hard work as well as talent and good luck to reach the ranks of top managers. They are director, vice director, chief executive officer, and members of the Board.

A middle manager is a manager who implements the strategy and major policies handed down from the top level of the organization. Middle managers develop tactical plans, policies, and standard operating procedures, and they coordinate and supervise the activities of first-line managers. Titles at the middle-management level include division manager, department head, plant manager and operations manager.