Перевод в сфере профессиональных коммуникаций (стр. 12 )

Typically, the term computer graphics refers to several different things:

· the representation and manipulation of image data by a computer

· the various technologies used to create and manipulate images

· the sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digital synthesizing and manipulating visual content.

Computer graphics is widespread puter imagery is found on television, in newspapers, for example, in weather reports, or in all kinds of medical investigation and surgical procedures. A well-constructed graph can present complex statistics in a form that is easier to understand and interpret. In the media such graphs are used to illustrate papers, reports, theses, and other presentation material.

Many powerful tools have been developed to visualize puter generated imagery can be categorized into several different types: two dimensional (2D), three dimensional (3D), and animated graphics. As technology has improved, 3D computer graphics has become common, but 2D computer graphics is still widely puter graphics has emerged as a sub-field of computer science. Over the past decade, other specialized fields have been developed like information visualization, and scientific visualization where the emphasis is on realistic rendering of volumes, surface, illumination sources, perhaps with a dynamic (time) component.

(www.en.academic.ru/dic.nsf/inwiti/10710532)

 

2. Выполните предпереводческий анализ текста А.

 

2.1. Приведите полные формы следующих аббревиатур. Переведите их на русский язык.

2D, 3D.

 

2.2. Предложите варианты перевода следующих терминов:

image data, computer imagery, computer science volume, surface, illumination.

 

2.3. Найдите в тексте выделенные курсивом слова и выражения. Предложите возможные варианты их перевода.

 

2.4. Переведите следующие предложения, употребляя различные способы передачи страдательного залога:

- Computer imagery is found on television, in newspapers or in all kinds of medical investigation and surgical procedures.

- Many powerful tools have been developed.

- Computer imagery can be categorized into several different types.

- 2D computer graphics is still widely used.

- Other specialized fields have been developed.

 

 

2.5. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива в различных функциях:

- In the media such graphs are used to illustrate papers, reports, theses, and other presentation material.

- Many powerful tools have been developed to visualize data.

 

2.6. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод причастий в различных функциях:

- Computer graphics are pictures created using computers.

- Computer graphics refers to the various technologies used to create and manipulate images.

- A well-constructed graph can present complex statistics.

- Computer generated imagery can be categorized into several different types.

 

2.7. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на союзное соединение простых предложений в сложные. При необходимости уточните значение союзов по словарю.

- A well-constructed graph can present complex statistics in a form that is easier to understand and interpret.

- As technology has improved, 3D computer graphics has emerged as a sub-field of computer science.

- Other specialized fields have been developed where the emphasis is on realistic rendering of volumes, surfaces, and illumination sources.

 

2.8. Выполните полный письменный перевод текста А..

 

Текст В

1        Прочитайте текст.

What is Graphic Design?

 

It’s a form of visual communication. Graphic designers work with drawn, painted, photographed, or computer-generated images (pictures), but they also design the letterforms that make up various typefaces found in movies, credits and TV ads, in books, magazines, and menus.

Designers create, choose, and organize these elements – typography, images, and the so-called “white space” around them to communicate a message.

Graphic design is a creative process that combines art and technology to communicate ideas. The designer works with a variety of communication tools in order to convey a message from a client to a particular audience. The main tools are image and typography.

Designers develop images to represent the ideas their clients want to communicate. Images can be very powerful and compelling tools of communication, conveying not only information but also moods and emotions. People respond to images instinctively based on their personalities, associations, and previous experience. In case of image-based design, the images carry the entire message. These images may be photographic, painted, drawn, or graphically rendered. Image-based design is employed when the designer determines that a picture is worth a thousand words.

In some cases, designers rely on words to convey a message. To designers, what the words look like is as important as their meaning. The visual forms perform many communication functions. They can arrest your attention on a poster, identify the product name on a package or a truck, and present a running text as the typography. Designers are experts at presenting information in a visual form in print or on film, packaging, or signs. When you look at an ordinary printed page of a running text, what is involved in designing such a simple page? Think about the typeface or type size, dividing the text into columns, the margins and the spacing between the paragraphs and lines, decorative lettering. Designers evaluate the message and the audience for type-based design to make these kinds of decisions.

(http://www.aiga.org/guide-whatisgraphicdesigni)

 

2. Выполните предпереводческий анализ текста В.

 

2.1. Предложите варианты перевода следующих терминов:

Сomputer - generated image, typeface, typography, communication tool, margin, letterform, type-based design.

 

2.2. Найдите в тексте выделенные курсивом слова и выражения. Предложите возможные варианты их перевода.

 

2.3. Переведите следующие предложения, употребляя различные способы передачи страдательного залога:

- Image-based design is employed when the designer determines that a picture is worth a thousand words.

- What is involved in designing such a simple page?

 

2.4. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива в различных функциях:

- Designers create, choose, and organize these elements to communicate a message.

- Graphic design is a creative process that combines art and technology to communicate ideas.

- The designer works with a variety of communication tools in order to convey a message from a client to a particular audience.

- Designers develop images to represent ideas.

- In some cases, designers rely on words to convey a message.

- They evaluate the message and the audience for type-based design to make these kinds of decisions.

 

2.5. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод причастий в различных функциях:

- Graphic designers work with drawn, painted, photographed, or computer – generated images.

- They make up various typefaces found in movies, credits and TV ads, in books, magazines, and menus.

- Designers organize the so-called “white space” around images.

- Images can be very powerful and compelling tools of communication, conveying not only information but also moods and emotions.

- People respond to images based on their personalities.

- They present a running text as the typography.

 

2.6. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод герундия в различных функциях:

- Designers are experts at presenting information in a visual form in print or on film.

- Think about the typeface or type size, dividing the text into columns, the margins, and the spacing between the paragraphs and lines.

 

2.7. Переведите следующее предложение, обращая внимание на бессоюзное соединение простых предложений в сложное.

- Designers develop images to represent the ideas their clients want to communicate.

 

2.8. Переведите следующее предложение, обращая внимание на союзное соединение простых предложений в сложное. При необходимости уточните значение союза по словарю.

- Graphic design is a creative process that combines art and technology.

 

2.9. Выполните полный письменный перевод текста В..

Раздел 2 Грамматические особенности перевода.

 

2.1. Неличные формы глагола (Verbals)

 

В английском языке имеются следующие неличные формы глагола: инфинитив (the Infinitive: to ask), герундий (the Gerund: asking), причастие I и причастие II (the Participle I, II: asking, asked). Они совмещают в себе признаки двух частей речи: инфинитив – глагола и существительного, герундий – существительного и глагола, причастие — прилагательного и глагола, и выражают действия без указания лица, числа, времени и наклонения, поэтому в предложении выполняют функцию не сказуемого, а лишь его значимой части. Неличные формы глагола имеют формы залога (действительные, страдательные) и видовременные формы (неопределенные, длительные, перфектные, перфектные длительные), которые указывают лишь на то, как протекало действие по отношению к действию, выраженному сказуемым. Неопределенные и длительные формы показывают, что действие протекает одновременно с действием, выраженным сказуемым; перфектные и перфектные длительные показывают, что действие предшествовало действию, выраженному сказуемым.