Перевод в сфере профессиональных коммуникаций (стр. 7 )

IBM Research is developing XIO, a language designed specifically for modern parallel architectures, with the goal of increasing developer productivity “times 10”. XIO handles concurrency using the partitioned global address space(PGAS) programming model. Code and data are separated into units and distributed across one or more places. It makes easier to scale a program from a single – threaded prototype to multiple threads running on one or more multicore processors in a high – performance cluster.

(http://www.infoworld.com/article/2618168/application-development/10-programming-languages-that-could-shake-up-it.html.)

 

2. Выполните предпереводческий анализ текста В.

 

2.1. Приведите полные формы следующих аббревиатур. Переведите их на русский язык.

IT, CLR, AJAX, PGAS, CPU, UI, I/O

 

2.2. Предложите варианты перевода следующих терминов:

Multicore CPUs, cloud computing, distributed architecture, C-like syntax, a prototype- based language, variables, functional-style code, client-side UI, server-side logic, database I/O, single-threaded prototype, high-performance cluster.

 

2.3. Найдите в тексте выделенные курсивом слова и выражения. Предложите возможные варианты их перевода.

 

2.4. Переведите следующие предложения, употребляя различные способы передачи страдательного залога:

- Some are designed by students or hobbyists.

- Objects in Dart are defined using classes and interfaces.

- Pure functional languages like Lisp and Haskell are often considered unworkable for real-world software development.

- Code and data are separated into units and distributed across one or more places.

The client-side UI, server-side logic, and database I/O are all implemented in a single language, Opa.

 

2.5. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива в различных функциях:

- Dart allows programmers to declare variables with static types.

- Functional-style code can be difficult to integrate with code.

 

2.6. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод причастий в различных функциях:

- Programming itself is constantly evolving.

- Functional-style code can be difficult to integrate with code and libraries written in imperative languages like C++ and Java.

- F# is a Microsoft language designed to be functional and practical.

- The Opa compiler decides whether a given routine should run on the client, server, or both.

- The computer translates Opa into the appropriate JavaScript code, including AJAX calls.

- IBM Research is developing XIO, a language designed specifically for modern parallel architectures.

- XIO handles concurrency using the partitioned global address space programming model.

- It makes easier to scale a program from a single-threaded prototype to multiple threads running on one or more multicore processors in a high-performance cluster.

 

2.7. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод герундия в различных функциях:

- Why do people keep reinventing the wheel?

- It is a language designed specifically for modern parallel architectures with the goal of increasing developer productivity “times 10”.

 

2.8. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод местоимения “it”:

- It can access all of the same libraries and features as other CLR languages.

- Then it outputs code accordingly.

- For client-side routines, it translates Opa into the appropriate JavaScript code.

 

2.9. Переведите следующее предложение, обращая внимание на бессоюзное соединение простых предложений в сложное.

-          It hopes the language will become the new vernacular of Web programming.

 

2.10. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на союзное соединение простых предложений в сложные. При необходимости уточните значение союзов по словарю.

- One significant difference is that while JavaScript is a prototype-based language, objects in Dark are defined using classes and interfaces.

- The idea is that Dark should be as familiar, dynamic, and fluid as Java Script and allow developers to write code that is faster, easier to maintain, and less susceptible to subtle bugs.

- One common complaint is that functional-style code can be difficult to integrate with code and libraries written in imperative languages.

2.11. Выполните полный письменный перевод текста В.

 

 

1.6.                УСТРОЙСТВА ВВОДА ДАННЫХ

 

Текст А

1        Прочитайте текст.

Input Devices

 

Input devices are broken down into 3 categories: keyboards, pointing devices, and Data-Entry devices.

The keyboard is the most popular input device for a computer. It translates numbers, letters, symbols and control keys into digital signals that can be interpreted by the PC. Keyboards may come in wireless, foldable or virtual varieties.

With the rise in graphical user interfaces, mice became the most commonly used method in controlling a computer. A mouse is used to manipulate objects and text etc. on the computer screen. This device can be plugged into the back of a computer, the back of a keyboard, or can even be cordless!

Touch pads are most commonly built into a laptop computer. A touch pad is a rectangular plastic piece which can control the pointer on a computer simply by dragging your finger across its using the touch of a finger on a computer screen, the computer is able to receive input from the movement of your finger to control operations. The finger transfers electrical currents to the computer. Touch screens are commonly used on ATMs. There are 2 common types of touch screen: resistive screens and capacitive screens. Resistive screens operate by using 2 thin layers. When one layer comes into contact with another (from someone pressing the screen), they form a connection which can be translated into a pair of coordinates a computer uses. The second technology utilizes the concept that the human body is a conductor, and when someone taps on a resisting material (such as a glass panel), a change in capacitance is observed, and the computer can determine where the user made a selection. This type of technology is known as capacitive sensing. A popular use of capacitive sensing is the touch screens in popular smart phones such as iPhones.

A Stylus (which is Latin for stake or pointed object) is a small pen-like device used to enter data by reacting to a touch-sensitive screen or film. One important feature of a stylus is its tip which ideally is made of a firm but non-scratching form of plastic. The body of a stylus can be made from anything ranging from synthetic plastic to bronze or chrome in some situations.

A scanner is a device that uses light to read an image or text and turn it into a digital message. This media can then be used to store, change and send the image or text. There are various types of scanners. The three most common are drum, flatbed and hand. Drum scanners use photomultiplier tubes (PMT). Flatbed scanners use a glass pane and a bright light. Hand scanners are dragged across the image manually. A flatbed scanner works in a similar fashion to a photocopier. The scanned image is stationary, usually sitting on a piece of glass. The scanning beam then moves across the image to copy the data. The flatbed scanner is also known as a desktop scanner. It can be found combined with printers, due to their low cost.

Input to a computer can take the form of speech. While technology for this is not widespread, speech input is constantly improving, and may find use in everyday life in the near future.

(http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Input_Devices)

 

2. Выполните предпереводческий анализ текста А.

 

2.1. Предложите варианты перевода следующих терминов:

graphical user interfaces, pointing device, data-entry device, touch pad, laptop, capacitive sensing, drum scanner, flatbed scanner, hand scanner, photomultiplier tube.

 

2.2. Приведите полные формы следующих аббревиатур. Переведите их на русский язык.

PC, ATM, PMT.

 

2.3. Найдите в тексте выделенные курсивом слова и выражения. Предложите возможные варианты их перевода.

 

2.4.Переведите следующие предложения, употребляя различные способы передачи страдательного залога:

-          Input devices are broken down into 3 categories.

-          Digital signals can be interpreted by the PC.

-          This device can be plugged into the back of a computer.

-          Touch pads are most commonly built into a laptop computer.

-          Touch screens are commonly used on ATMs.

-          This media can then be used to store, change and send the image or text.

-          Hand scanners are dragged across the image manually.

-          The flatbed scanner can be found combined with printers.

 

2.5. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на перевод инфинитива в различных функциях:

-          A mouse is used to manipulate objects and text etc. on the computer screen.

-          The computer is able to receive input from the movement of your finger to control operations.