Методическое пособие (стр. 7 )

Hemlock is the tree which is responsible for British Columbia’s world-wide reputation for timber. Next in order are the cedars. Their wood is light and resistant to decay.

Finally there are the birches. The most distributed is the white birch which grows widely throughout Canada. The most important hardwood tree in eastern Canada is the yellow birch. Its wood is much in demand for flooring, furniture and railroad ties.

Vocabulary:

1.  pulpwood – балансовая древесина

2.  lumber – пиломатериалы

3.  plywood – фанера

4.  hemlock – болиголов; тсуга

V. Переведите следующие слова и выражения на русский язык.

6.  two-needled pine; 2. to furnish; 3. standing timber; 4. deciduous trees; 5. world-wide reputation for timber; 6. resistant to decay; 7. to grow widely; 8. hardwood tree ; 9. demand for flooring.

Vl. Выберите правильный вариант.

32.  The most important forest trees in Canada are (the poplars, the yews, the spruces).

33.  The tree which is responsible for British Columbia’s world-wide reputation for timber is (the birch, the hemlock, the balsam fir).

34.  The most distributed birch is (the yellow birch, the white birch).

35.  The wood of yellow birch is in demand for (making paper, furniture veneer, lumber).

Vll. Ответьте на вопросы.

34.  What are the most important trees in Canada?

35.  What is spruces’ wood used for?

36.  What kind of firs is the most distributed in Canada?

37.  What types of birches grow in Canada?

Vlll. Составьте предложения.

25.  Is, Canada, rich, forests, in.

26.  The, important, trees, most, spruces, are, the.

27.  There, are, finally, birches, the.

lX. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в превосходной степени сравнения, назовите исходную и сравнительную степени сравнения.

X. Запишите следующие предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 4).

1.  They use the spruces’ wood for pulpwood.

2. They make furniture veneer from the birches’ wood.

Вариант 5

l. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения l).

45.  The forests of Asia do not differ from the American or European forests.

46.  The volume of standing timber is rapidly decreasing.

47.  Modern forestry has set itself a task of great afforestation works.

48.  Once half of this territory was covered with coniferous forests.

49.  The weather will be changed by the end of the week.

ll. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle l и Participle ll и определите функции каждого из них. Предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

37.  In Europe not counting Russia timber exporters are Norway, Finland and Sweden.

38.  China has a forested area covering only 9 % of the country.

39.  When heated to a certain temperature, water increases in volume.

40.  Reading the book, I knew a lot of new things about China’s forests.

lll. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

37.  The trees can provide fruit and fuel-wood for the local population.

38.  You must use rich soil for seeds’ best growth..

39.  I am to speak about natural plant formations at our conference.

40.  We may find oak, palms, tree ferns and bamboo in the subtropical zone in China.

lV. Перепишите и письменно переведите 2 абзац текста.

Forests of Asia

The forests of Asia are mainly situated in temperate or cool zones and do not differ in principle from the American or European forests. The forests of Southern Asia, on the other hand, are mainly of tropical type, more similar to those of Africa and South America.

China, once well-covered with forests, has now 5 of 6 thousand years of destruction action of man, a forested area covering only 9% of the country. This still constitutes a considerable forest area, of which three quarters is productive forest land.

There are three main forest zones in China, namely the subtropical, the warm-temperate and the cool-temperate. In the subtropical zone ever-green broadleaf trees, such as oak occur together with palms, tree ferns and bamboo.

The warm-temperate zone includes the rest of China. Its forests contain deciduous broadleaf species such as oak, maple, poplar, and even some conifers, such as pine.

The cool-temperate zone contains spruce, fir, pine, birch, maple.

Vocabulary:

1.  on the other hand – с другой стороны

2.  more similar to – более похожи

3.  once well-covered with forests – когда-то густо покрытые лесами

4.  tree ferns – папоротниковые деревья

5.  deciduous – лиственный

V. Переведите следующие слова и выражения на русский язык.

7.  temperate zone; 2. cool zone; 3. well-covered with forest; 4. destruction action of man; 5. a forested area; 6. productive forest land; 7. warm-temperate zone; 8. ever-green trees; 9. deciduous broadleaf trees; 10. conifers.

Vl. Выберите правильный вариант.

36.  The forest of Asia are mainly situated in (tropics, temperate zone, cool zone).

37.  There are (two, five, three) forest zones in China.

38.  In the subtropical zone you can find (pines, palms, bamboo).

39.  In the warm-temperate zone you can find (tree ferns, oak, pine).

Vll. Ответьте на вопросы.

38.  Where are the forests of Asia mainly situated?

39.  How many per cent does the forested area of China cover?

40.  What are the main forest zones in China?

41.  What trees of the cool-temperate zone do you know?

Vlll. Составьте предложения.

28.  Forests, forests, of, don’t, from, differ, the, Asia, American.

29.  There, China, are, the, warm-temperate, cool-temperate, the, and, zones, in.

30.  The, Asia, forest, of, are, Southern, of, type, tropical.

lX. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в положительной степени сравнения, назовите сравнительную и превосходную степени сравнения.

X. Запишите следующие предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 4).

1.  Forests cover only 9 % of the country.

2.  We find palms, tree ferns and bamboo in the subtropical zone.

Спец. 0601

Вариант 1

l. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения l).

50.  Bookkeepers record all the appropriate figures.

51.  I am working for the Department of Trade.

52.  In the past English industrial prosperity rested on a few important products.

53.  The fax will be sent the same day the spares will be shipped from the airport.

54.  We have problems with the documents you have sent us.

ll. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle l и Participle ll и определите функции каждого из них. Предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

41.  Transportation documents are usually attached to commercial invoices(счет).

42.  We may make better progress by comparing economics with other sciences.

43.  Computers are getting deeper and deeper into our life.

4. Many countries have introduced computers into agriculture, education, transport and many other branches of industry.

lll. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

41.  Computers can help to carry out complex tasks.

42.  Young people must have a high degree of computer literacy.

43.  The insured (застрахованный) is to pay a premium the size of which is stated in the policy .

44.  The insurance document states the precise risk covered, the period of cover and any exceptions there may be.

lV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Inflation and deflation

An inflationary development is characterized by rising prices within a certain period of time. The rising prices is a consequence of an uneven development in the quantity of goods on offer and the quantity of money available, which itself determines the demand and is the inflation rate. The causes of inflation are generally complex and can arise either from the goods or from the monetary side. The consequences of inflation are extremely damaging for the economy. Inflation becomes stagnation when economic growth decreases or comes to a halt, but inflation continues to rise. If the state does not take serious measures to combat stagnation, this leads to stagflation. Deflation, the opposite development to inflation, represents a reduction in the supply of money in comparison with the supply of goods.

Vocabulary:

deflation – дефляция

consequence – следствие

available – наличный

inflation rate – уровень инфляции

to come to a halt – приходить к остановке, останавливаться

to combat – бороться

stagflation – стагфляция

reduction – уменьшение

V. Переведите следующие слова и выражения на русский язык.

8.  an inflationary development; 2. rising prices; 3. an uneven development; 4. the quantity of goods on offer; 5. the causes of inflation ; 6. monetary side; 7. economic growth decreases; 8. to take measures; 9. the supply of money; 10. the supply of goods.

Vl. Выберите правильный вариант.

40.  An inflationary development is characterized by (falling prices, rising prices, stable prices).

41.  The causes of inflation are (quite simple, complex, important).

42.  The consequences of inflation are (useful, damaging, necessary) for the economy.

43.  If the state doesn’t combat stagnation, this leads to (deflation, stagflation, inflation).

Vll. Ответьте на вопросы.

42.  What is an inflationary development characterized by?