Методическое пособие (стр. 8 )

43.  When does inflation become stagnation?

44.  What happens if the state doesn’t combat stagnation?

45.  What does deflation represent?

Vlll. Составьте предложения.

31.  rising, are, prices, of, the, characteristic, inflation.

32.  The, complex, causes, are inflation, of.

33.  For, economy, inflation, is, damaging, extremly.

lX. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в исходной степени сравнения, назовите сравнительную и превосходную степени сравнения.

X. Запишите следующие предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 4).

1.Rising prices characterize an inflation development.

2. Deflation represents a reduction.

Вариант 2.

l. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения l).

55.  Trade credits are quite normal in business.

56.  In case of leasing the firm will pay the outstanding amount.

57.  Counterfeiting of money (подделка денег) was a serious problem in the USA.

58.  I am working at the bank at the moment.

59.  We have already changed the money at the bureau de change.

ll. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle l и Participle ll и определите функции каждого из них. Предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

44.  Securities (ценные бумаги) of all kinds are traded at the Stock Exchange.

45.  There are two kinds of people dealing on the Stock Exchange: brokers and jobbers.

46.  When done this work will give good results.

47.  Securities issued by the British Government are called gilts (золотообрезные ценные бумаги).

lll. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

45.  Sometimes companies have to obtain loans (кредит) and buy the equipment.

46.  The firm can retain some of its profits within the business.

47.  Loans may be short-term (краткосрочный) and long-term (долгосрочный).

48.  In case of life assurance (страхование жизни) the risk is certain to occur sooner or later.

lV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Marketing

Marketing is often confused with sales or with advertising but it is these and much more. Marketing is a complete process within the business. The easiest way to remember what marketing is all about is to remember what the marketing people call the marketing mix i. e. the four Ps:

·  product

·  price

·  promotion

·  place

Product

Product involves decisions about the product’s quality its style and design, the branding policy (what to call it and how to ensure that customers recognize the brand name), how to package it and what guarantees to offer.

Price

Price means the need to set not only the price itself but also any discounts which might be given and any allowances permitted.

Promotion

Marketing involves the choice of how the product is promoted – the advertising and the publicity it is given.

Place

Place refers to how the product is distributed and through what types of shop or other organizations.

V. Переведите следующие слова и выражения на русский язык.

9.  to be confused with; 2. marketing mix; 3. promotion; 4. to involve decisions; 5. the product’s quality; 6. the branding policy; 7. discount; 8. to be promoted; 9. advertising ; 10. to be distributed.

Vl. Выберите правильный вариант.

44.  Marketing is confused with (sales, taxes, advertising).

45.  The marketing mix is ( product, sales, price, needs, promotion, place).

46.  Price is the need to set (the prices, the production, the discounts).

4. Promotion includes (the advertising, the price, the need, the publicity).

Vll. Ответьте на вопросы.

46.  What is marketing confused with?

47.  What is marketing?

48.  What is marketing mix?

49.  What does price mean?

Vlll. Составьте предложения.

34.  is, with, sales, confused, marketing, advertising, and.

35.  place, marketing, product, is, about, price, promotion.

36.  Means, the, to, need, price, set, the, price, discounts, and.

lX. Выпишите из текста прилагательные 1) в исходной, 2) сравнительной и 3) превосходной степени сравнения, дайте недостающие степени сравнения.

X. Запишите следующие предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 4).

1.  We often confuse marketing with sales and advertising.

2. Sometimes shop owners give discounts at some products.

Вариант 3

l. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения l).

60.  Marketer’s decisions depend upon many factors.

61.  Alfred Marshal called economics “a study of mankind in the ordinary business of life”.

62.  They were arguing about the economic health of our country.

63.  Some critics claims that neoclassical economics has betrayed the mission of the older classical school.

64.  Classical economic theory was first seriously challenged by the great English statesman and economist John Maynard Keynes.

ll. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle l и Participle ll и определите функции каждого из них. Предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

48.  During the 19-th century economics was called simply “the science of wealth”.

49.  The range of problems considered by economists is relatively narrow.

50.  Learning economics scientists decided that it was a branch of moral philosophy.

51.  Smith considered the economic system as self-organizing and self-adjusted.

lll. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

49.  First you must gather market information.

50.  The marketer cannot control some external variables.

51.  Today’s computer-based marketing information system may help in decision-making.

52.  To market a product successfully, a marketer has to develop a strategy.

lV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Marketing

A huge distribution network is necessary to move goods to consumers. Marketing directs the flow of goods and services from producer to ccessful modern marketing begins with the consumer’s needs and desires and it ends with his satisfaction, as he buys goods, uses services or accepts ideas.

To market a product successfully, a marker has to develop a strategy. His decisions depend upon many variables or factors that are constantly changing. Some variables are internal. The marketer has some control over them. But he cannot control the external variables; instead they control him. Today’s computer-based marketing information system may help in decision-making.

With this system you can reveal present market conditions and predict future tends. It can give regular, even daily information and analysis of sales, costs, markets and consumer behaviour.

V. Переведите следующие слова и выражения на русский язык.

10.  a huge distribution network; 2. to move goods to consumers; 3. to direct the flow of goods and services; 4. consumer’s needs and desires; 5. to develop a strategy; 6. internal variables; puter-based information system; 8. to help in decision-making; 9. to reveal market conditions; 10. to predict future tends.

Vl. Выберите правильный вариант.

47.  A distribution network is necessary to (produce goods, move goods to consumer, sell goods).

48.  Modern marketing begins with (selling goods, having profits, the consumer’s needs).

49.  To market a product successfully, a marketer has to (know a product, have a good product, develop a strategy).

50.  Information about sales, markets, costs is given by (marketer, computer-based marketing system, consumer).

Vll. Ответьте на вопросы.

50.  What is a distribution network necessary for?

51.  What does modern marketing begin with?

52.  What should a marketer do to develop a product successfully?

53.  Can a marker control all variables?

Vlll. Составьте предложения.

37.  Marketing, from, directs, the, of, flow, goods, consumer, producer, to.

38.  The, some, marketer, has, control, internal, over, variables.

39.  Helps, computer, decision-making, in.

lX. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в исходной степени сравнения, назовите сравнительную и превосходную степени сравнения.

X. Запишите следующие предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 4).

9.  The marketer has some control over internal variables.

10.  Marketers use computer-information system in their work.

Вариант 4

l. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения l).

65.  The book-keeping department draws up monthly, quarterly and annually balance sheets.

66.  There was introduced a method of drawing up balance sheets.

67.  At different periods of time many different commodities (предметы потребления) have served as a money.

68.  Inflation in Britain is running at about 15 %.

69.  Britain has got very sound economic ties with various countries.

ll. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle l и Participle ll и определите функции каждого из них. Предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

52.  The UK has been a member of the European Free Trade Association since 1959.

53.  The European Economic Community was established in 1957.