Методическое пособие (стр. 9 )

54.  The material borrowed from a newspaper was useful for us.

55.  Least-developed countries are given even more flexibility for their goods.

lll. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

53.  Computers can help the book-keepers in their work.

2. Inquiries may be sent by mail, telex or fax.

54.  Your speech must be well-prepared.

55.  You should keep your ideas logically grouped around a central thought.

lV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Accountancy in our enterprises

The book-keeping department of enterprise is responsible for the accounting and control over all the economic, financial and production operations of the enterprise. It organizes the paying out of the wages to the personnel. It issues monthly, quarterly and annually balance sheets. The initial checks are made by the chief bsequent control is made by means of month-to-month surveys of the amount of work done.

There was introduced a method of drawing up balance sheets and a method of checking them. It made possible to work out a unified accounting system for the entire country, so-called journal-order system of accounting.

The implementation of this system considerably eased the work of book-keepers and raised the standard of the puterization is used more and more widely. Large enterprises have computerized accounting centers. They carry out various kinds of accountancy work and save a great deal of time and ch centers calculate wages, track the movement of materials, keep a record of work done, clear contracts between suppliers and buyers and issue accounts to buyers and contractors.

Vocabulary:

1.  accountancy – бухучет

2.  accounting and control – учет и контроль

3.  draw up – составлять

4.  to issue balance sheet – составлять балансовый отчет

5.  initial and subsequent checks – начальный и последующий контроль

6.  to clear contracts – производить безналичные расчеты по договорам

7.  to track – прослеживать, контролировать

V. Переведите следующие слова и выражения на русский язык.

11.  book-keeping department; 2. to be responsible for; 3. production operation; 4. paying out the wages; 5. chief book-keeper; 6. unified accounting system; 7. journal-order system; 8. to ease the work; 9. to raise the standard of the work; 10. to save a great deal of time and labour.

Vl. Выберите правильный вариант.

51.  The book-keeping department is responsible for (all work of the enterprise, the accounting control over economic and financial operations).

52.  The initial checks are made by (the director, the economist, the chief book-keeper).

53.  (computers, typing machines, sorting machines) considerably ease the work of book-keepers.

54.  Computers save a great deal of (money, time, labour).

Vll. Ответьте на вопросы.

54.  What is the book-keeping department responsible for?

55.  How often does it issue balance sheets?

56.  What method was introduced to draw up balance sheets and to check them?

57.  What considerably eases the work of book-keepers?

Vlll. Составьте предложения.

40.  Book-keeping, to, department, the, organizes, paying, out, of, the, wages, the, personnel.

41.  Journal-order, work, of, the, raises, the, standard, system.

42.  Computerized, work, of, accounting, accountancy, kinds, various, centers, out, carry.

lX. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в исходной степени сравнения, назовите сравнительую и превосходную степени сравнения.

X. Запишите следующие предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 4).

1.  Chief book-keeper makes the initial checks.

2.  Journal-order system eases the work of book-keepers.

Вариант 5

l. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения l).

70.  Many accountants have special certificates.

71.  Adam Smith made a great contribution into economics.

72.  Consumption levels continued to rise but at a much reduced rate.

73.  Socialist ideology has been mainly devoted to the criticism of capitalism.

74.  Computer will help you in your work.

ll. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle l и Participle ll и определите функции каждого из них. Предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

56.  From the trial balance (месячный баланс), prepared by the book-keeper, the accountant creates a balance sheet.

57.  The speculator wishing to sell securities in anticipation of a fall in their prices is a bear.

58.  It was created in 1982.

59.  Organized markets are usually held in premises.

lll. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

56.  The states can be grouped into regions.

57.  There may be special occasions like meeting or conference when you introduce the speaker.

58.  Book-keepers must first record all appropriate figures in the journals.

59.  The accountant is to determine the ways in which the business may grow in the future.

lV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

The USA Economy

The USA is a leading economic power in the world. It is a highly developed industrial country with a very solid agricultural basis. Its people enjoy a high standard of living.

The economy of the USA is based upon free enterprises. Individual people and companies are free to make their own economic decisions. The federal government is involved in the system only in terms of regulating how it works in certain ways. Its laws prevent one company from controlling an entire industry. Business people in the USA have probed many ways to make and distribute efficiently more products for less money and to make a greater profit. They have succeeded.

Business organizations in the USA help young people to organize small companies and give them experience in business practices.

V. Переведите следующие слова и выражения на русский язык.

12.  a leading economic power; 2. highly developed industrial country; 3. a high standard of living; 4. to be based upon; 5. to make economic decisions; 6. to make a profit; 7. to succeed; 8. to organize small companies; 9. to give experience; 10. business practice.

Vl. Выберите правильный вариант.

55.  The economy of the USA is based upon (free enterprises, individual business, state enterprises).

56.  The federal government (only regulates, completely controls) the system of work.

57.  Americans have succeeded to (make a greater profit, distribute products).

58.  The USA business organizations help young people to (buy own companies, organize companies, find them the work in different companies).

Vll. Ответьте на вопросы.

58.  What country is the USA?

59.  What is its economy based upon?

60.  What role does the federal government play in business system?

61.  What have Americans succeeded to do?

Vlll. Составьте предложения.

43.  The, is, a, USA, power, economic, leading.

44.  Americans, a, living, of, high, enjoy, standard.

45.  Business, give, organizations, people, experience, young, business, in, practices.

lX. Выпишите из текста прилагательные в исходной степени сравнения, назовите сравнительную и превосходную степени сравнения.

X. Запишите следующие предложения в страдательном залоге и переведите полученные предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 4).

11.  They give young people a deeper appreciation of the role of entrepreneurs.

3.  We can group the states into regions.

Спец. 2913

Вариант 1

l. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. образец выполнения l).

75.  Many years ago people learned to protect their houses from thunderstorms.

76.  Franklin’s achievements in the field of electricity were known to Lomonosov.

77.  The intensity of lightning is tremendous.

78.  You will be given two new magazines.

79.  The student has translated the article.

ll. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle l и Participle ll и определите функции каждого из них. Предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 2).

60.  Transformers are used for increasing and decreasing voltage.

61.  This substance was supposed to have some important properties.

62.  When done this work will give good results.

63.  Speaking of the electrically operated devices, one can mention the refrigerator.

lll. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент; предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец выполнения 3).

60.  One form of energy can be changed into another.

61.  We have to use more and more electric energy every year.

62.  People could neither understand their observations nor find any practical applications to tem.

63.  The experiment may be carried on right now

lV. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Electric Current Serves Us In a Thousand Ways.

The electric current was born in the year 1800 when Volta constructed the first source of continuous current. Since that time numerous scientists and inventors, Russian and foreign, have greatly contributed to its development and practical application.

As a result, we cannot imagine modern civilization without the electric current. We can’t imagine how people could do without electric lamps, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, washing machines and other electrically operated devices. In fact, telephones, lifts, electric trams and trains, radio and television have been made possible only owing to the electric current.