Практический курс английского языка для слушателей факультета заочного обучения (стр. 17 )

B. 1.The resolution of the UN Security Council is being supported all over the world.

2. Crime problems are deteriorating now.

3. At present your application is undergoing consideration.

4. Police often maintain that prosecutors are making their jobs more difficult than necessary.

5. Advances in technology were being brought in many industries.

Упражнение 25. Переведите следующие предложения, учитывая особенности перевода глагола в форме Present Perfect Active (см. 2.41):

A. 1. Roman law has influenced many modern European legal systems. 2. Great changes have taken place in the world since World War II. 3. I have always believed that this is not possible. 4. Don`t judge him until he has given the explanations. 5. There have been many railway accidents this year. 6. In politics England has always preferred evolution. 7. Peace talks have stalled.

B. 1. The police have conducted identification of persons killed in a road accident.

2. Great Britain has granted self – rule to its possessions overseas.

3. Courts have awarded criminal defendants too many civil rights.

4. Usually, society turns to criminal justice only after the other institutions of social control have failed.

5. Congress has adopted the new measure this month.

6. There have been numerous exchanges of views between the two governments.

7. The higher court has already confirmed the lower court’s findings.

8. The right to counsel has existed in federal courts since the ratification of the Bill of Rights.

9. Consent searches have become the most common type of searches performed by law enforcement officers.

Упражнение 26. Определите время и залог сказуемого в системе времен Perfect. Переведите предложения (см. 2.41 – 2.42):

А. 1.Oxford and Cambridge have always been universities for gentlemen. 2. There has been a sharp rise in the cost of living in the past few years. 3. The need in laws has been recognized by every society. 4. An American invention that was barely noticed in 1948 has created the computer age. 5. There was no proof that the man had been at the scene of crime.

B. 1. In most countries the death penalty has been abolished.

2. Different kinds of offences will have been reflected in Crime Statistics by the end of the month.

3. Prior to 1993, only two women had ever been elected to the position of sheriff in the United States.

4. The defendant failed to pay the plaintiff the sum which he had promised in their contract.

5. No regret had ever been expressed by the accused for the crimes committed.

6. She had been shoplifting for many years before she was found out.

Упражнение 27. Определите временную форму сказуемого в страдательном залоге. Переведите предложения (см. 2.33):

A. 1. She was invited to be present in the court as a witness. 2. They were influenced by no good examples. 3. The results will be controlled by a search – commander. 4. Two more crimes were committed in the same train during this week. 5. These documents are recognized as valid. 6. The problem will be discussed at the next sitting. 7. The constitution was written in 1787. 8. Today many dictionaries have been abridged from larger ones. 9. The work will have been finished by the end of this month. 10. The city bank was robbed by teenage computer – hackers.

B. 1. Laws that maintain order in society are enforced by different institutions.

2. Civil rights are powers and privileges that are guaranteed to the individual and protected.

3. Where law is concerned, you cannot plead ignorance in excuse of your conduct.

4. An investigation may be considered a success if all the available information is uncovered.

5. When the presentation of evidence has been completed, the lawyers make speeches in which they sum up the proof.

6. New progress will have been made in all branches of our economy by the end of the decade.

7. Many statutes affecting parental rights and duties have been passed during the last 100 years.

Упражнение 28. Переведите предложения, в составе которых имеются сравнительные конструкции (см. 2.36):

А. 1. The sooner we leave, the sooner we’ll arrive. 2. The more I thought about the plan, the less I liked it. 3. Today the traffic is no better than usual. 4. The more tired you are, the harder it is to concentrate. 5. A career of a policeman is as important as any other. 6. He is not such a popular president as his predecessor was. 7. Good health and happiness are more important than money. 8. The younger you are, the easier it is to learn. 9. The more developed the society, the more perfect are its laws. 10. The problem is not so complicated as we expected.

B. 1. The bigger the European Union becomes, the more inevitable will be differences between the member countries.

2. The imperfect laws are better than none.

3. The more complicated the case, the harder it is to find a solution.

4. Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose.

5. A warning, properly given by the officer, can be more effective than any other type of enforcement.

6. The police unit need the information quickly, so, please, let them know as soon as possible.

7. Law enforcement stops directly or indirectly cause some crashes, but they prevent more crashes than they cause.

Упражнение 29. Определите степень сравнения прилагательных и наречий, входящих в состав следующих предложений. Переведите предложения (см. 2.36):

А. 1. Most countries have special rules for young defendants. 2. The situation is not bad, it could be worse. 3. I’m afraid the problem is much more complicated. 4. Let me know if you hear any further news. 5. The profession of a lawyer is very important. 6. Traffic police officers make our city a safer place to drive. 7. Street traffic in town is typically characterized by low speeds.

В. 1. One of the most effective tools in a law enforcement agency is the alert patrol officer.

2. Sometimes the sight of an officer in the rear view mirror is a better deterrent for aggressive drivers and speeders.

3. Constable is a police officer in the lowest rank.

4. Rural highways are characterized by lower volumes, higher speeds, and fewer conflicts with pedestrians.

5. There is not much indication that the next few years will be peaceful.

6. Bail ensures that the defendant will appear at a later stage of the criminal justice.

Упражнение 30. Выделите в следующих предложениях сложное дополнение. Переведите предложения (см. 2.44):

А. 1. I believe him to be an experienced lawyer. 2. I should like you to make it clear for me. 3. We saw the driver giving the first aid to the victim. 4. They did not expect the court to accept the evidence. 5. Nobody believed the crime to have been committed by a child. 6. He considered me to have interviewed all the witnesses. 7. They wanted the court to mete out a just sentence.

B. 1. They consider themselves to be responsible for the state of affairs.

2. The law presumes the accused not to be guilty until his guilt has been proven.

3. He wanted his lawyer to ensure a properly prepared defence in court.

4. It’s not by chance that law enforcement bodies consider drug trafficking to be one of the most serious crimes.

5. The investigator supposed the suspect to have given false evidence.

6. The burglar made the victim give all the valuables to him.

7. I have never heard a judge speak Latin.

Упражнение 31. Переведите следующие предложения, в состав которых входит сложное подлежащее (см. 2.45):

А. 1. They seem to know all about it. 2. The new methods of work appeared to be very effective. 3. These two young men are sure to be good friends. 4. He is likely to make a statement to the police. 5. He is said to be one of the promoted detectives. 6. The criminal was reported to have been apprehended not far from the crime scene. 7. They are known to have worked at the law for 5 years.

B. 1. All the traces at the crime scene proved to have been destroyed.

2. The witness is unlikely to give a full description of the offender.

3. The data proved to be wrong.

4. The court is unlikely to give a different sentence.

5. The witness was considered to be in need of care and protection.

6. White-collar crimes are considered to be difficult to solve.

7. When criminal acts violate the laws of more than one country, they are said to be transnational crimes.

8. Three men are reported to have been injured in the accident.

9. The defendant is known to have been released on bail.

10. Police officers are considered to have contacts with a large number of people in the community.

Упражнение 32. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на слова – заместители имен существительных (см. 2.16):

A. 1. The success of the investigation was not only that of one person but of the whole team.

2. The question of capital punishment is not purely moral; it is also a social and legal one.

3. The French Revolution followed soon after that in America.

4. The function of a teacher is to teach, that of a student, to learn.

5. The police investigated every possible suspect until they found the one who had been at the scene.

B. 1. Investigation in England is in general done by the police, and the pro - cedure is in some degree different from that of the rest of Europe.

2. The British Parliament can make new laws and cancel old ones.

3. In Britain they have two types of courts: those that have civil jurisdiction and those that have criminal jurisdiction.

4. The description that the witness gave of the attacker accorded with that of the victim.

5. Impeachment is considered a drastic measure, one that is used on only rare occasions in the United States.

Упражнение 33. Найдите в следующих предложениях глагольные формы с суффиксом - ed, определите, какой частью речи они являются, и переведите предложения (см. 2.34):

A. 1. The arrested man answered the description of the wanted man.