Правовое обеспечение безопасности на территориях радиоактивного загрязнения (стр. 1 )

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ПРАВОВОЕ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ НА ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ РАДИОАКТИВНОГО ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ

Учебное пособие

Под редакцией П. Райя, В. Джил и А. Гонсалеса

Минск БГУ 2016

Авторы:

(Главы 1 - 9); (Главы 1, 9); (Главы 3, 7); (Глава 8); (Главы 2, 5); (Главы 4, 6)

Authors:

SA. Balashenko (Chapters 1 - 9); T. I. Makarova (Chapters 1, 9); V. E. Lizgaro (Chapters 3, 7); А. А. Zhloba (Chapter 8); O. V. Maroz (Chapters 2, 5); V. V. Saskevich (Chapters 4, 6)

Правовое обеспечение безопасности на территориях радиоактивного загрязнения : учеб. пособие / авт. [и др.]; под ред. П. Райя, В. Джил и А. Гонсалеса (Кафедра экологии Университета Кордовы). - Минск : БГУ, 2016. - 256 с.

Legal Support for Human Security on the Territories of Radioactive Contamination : educational handbook / S. A. Balashenko [and others]; Edited by P. Raya, V. Gil and A. Gonzalez (Department of Environment. University of Cordoba). - Minsk : BSU, 2016. - 256 p.

Пособие разработано в рамках проекта Темпус 530644-TEMPUS-1-2012-1-ES - TEMPUS-JPCR «Безопасность человека (окружающая среда, качество продуктов, здравоохранение и общество) на территориях, загрязненных радионуклидами».

В пособии раскрываются содержание правового обеспечения безопасности на территориях радиоактивного загрязнения в Республике Беларусь, основы европейского законодательства в данной области, международные процессы по обеспечению радиационной безопасности. Предназначено для магистрантов, аспирантов и студентов высших учебных заведений, а также научных работников, преподавателей, работников правоприменительных органов, специалистов и иных лиц, интересующихся правовым обеспечением безопасности на территориях радиоактивного загрязнения.

This publication has been developed in the framework of the Tempus project 530644- TEMPUS-1-2012-1 -ES-TEMPUS-JPCR «Human security (environment, quality of food, public health and society) on Territories Contaminated by Radioactive Agents».

An overview of legal aspects of human security on the territories of radioactive contamination in the Republic of Belarus, European legal frameworks in human security area and international processes for radiation safety are provided. The book is designed for students, masters, post-graduate students as well as for researchers, teachers, law enforcement officials, experts and other persons interested in legal support for human security on the territories of radioactive contamination.

Данный проект был профинансирован Комиссией Европейского Союза. Настоящая книга отражает взгляды исключительно авторов, и Комиссия не несет ответственности за какое-либо использование информации, содержащейся в ней.

This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.

CONTENT

Chapter 1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LEGAL SUPPORT FOR HUMAN SECURITY ON TERRITORIES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION................................................................................. 9

Chapter 2. THE LEGAL STATUS OF TERRITORIES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION............................................................................. 14

§ 1. Legal concept and composition of territories of radioactive contamination. Peculiarities of the legal regime of territories of radioactive contamination............................................................................. 14

§ 2. System and competence of governmental bodies in relarion to territories of radioactive contamination 20

§ 3. Control, licensing and norming to provide radiation safety on territories of radioactive contamination 25

§ 4. Radiation-hazardous lands......................................................................................... 32

§ 5. Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve............................................................... 38

Chapter 3. LEGAL PROVISION OF RADIATION SAFETY ON TERRITORIES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION.................................................. 44

§ 1. Radiation safety law on territories of radioactive contamination................................ 44

§ 2. Public government in the area of radiation safety...................................................... 47

§ 3. Legal requirements for radiation safety...................................................................... 52

Chapter 4. LEGAL SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND FOODS SECURITY ON TERRITORIES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION 60

§ 1. Legal support of agricultural production on territories of radioactive contamination under national and international radionuclides regulations.............................................................................. 60

§ 2. Legal protective measures for agriculture on territories of radioactive contamination 68

§ 3. Legal aspects of radiation safety of citizens working in agriculture on

territories of radioactive contamination............................................................................. 81

§ 4. Legal support of agricultural products and food quality and security on territories of radioactive contamination.......................................................................................................................................... 87

Chapter 5. LEGAL SUPPORT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY ON TERRITORIES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION.................................................. 91

§ 1. Peculiarities of legal support for environmental protection and natural resource use on territories of radioactive contamination................................... 91 § 2. Legal bases for radioactive waste management 96

§ 3. Legal bases for radiation monitoring......................................................................... 101

Chapter 6. HEALTH PROTECTION ON TERRITORIES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION.............................................................................. 105

§ 1. Legal provision for medical aid to citizens and medical control for citizens' health on territories of radioactive contamination. Legal measures of health protection during medical irradiation............... 105

§ 2. Legal provision for medical rehabilitation of people affected by

radiation accidents........................................................................................................... 114

§ 3. Legal basis for providing citizens by medicaments, medical items and

equipment........................................................................................................................ 117

Chapter 7. THE LEGAL STATUS OF CITIZENS ON TERRITORIES OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION.............................................................................. 122

§ 1. Environmental rights of citizens living on territories of radioactive contamination... 122

§ 2. Social protection of citizens residing on territories of radioactive

contamination.................................................................................................................. 129

§ 3. Social protection of citizens working on territories of radioactive

contamination.................................................................................................................. 132

§ 4. Additional guarantees for certain categories of citizens............................................ 134

§ 5. Social protection of citizens affected by radiation accidents.................................... 135

Chapter 8. BASICS OF EUROPEAN LEGISLATION IN HUMAN SECURITY AREA........................................................................................................... 146

§ 1. Legal frameworks for providing nuclear and radiation safety in

European Union.............................................................................................................. 146

§ 2. Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community as a source of primary law 148

§ 3. Legal support for nuclear safety............................................................................... 157

§ 4. Legal basics for management of radioactive substances........................................... 163

§ 5. Legal frameworks for management of spent fuel and radioactive waste................... 167

§ 6. Legal support for radiation safety............................................................................. 176

§ 7. Legal frameworks for informing the public in the event of radiological emergency and other cases 192

Chapter 9. INTERNATIONAL PROCESSES TO PROVIDE RADIATION

SAFETY............................................................................................. 198

§ 1. Concept of international processes for radiation safety............................................ 198

§ 2. Legal frameworks of international processes for radiation safety............................. 202

§ 3. Principles of international cooperation on radiation safety issues............................. 206

§ 4. Institutional frameworks for international cooperation on radiation safety

issues............................................................................................................................... 210

§ 5. International tools providing for radiation safety...................................................... 222

§ 6. International legal support for radiation and nuclear safety as environmental protection tool 230

REFERENCES..................................................................................... 239

Legislation of the Republic of Belarus............................................................................. 239

EURATOM legislation..................................................................................................... 250